Introduction- The diaphyseal nutrient foramina of long bones serve as vital conduits for vascular supply, facilitating bone growth, repair, and remodeling. Their anatomical location, number, direction, and variability hold immense significance in orthopedic surgery, forensic identification, and radiological diagnostics. Aim - To study the diaphyseal nutrient foramina in human femur Material & Method - This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 57 (28 right and 29 left) dry, adult human femur of unknown sex. Result – In the present study, 80% of the femora had a single nutrient foramen. The double foramen was observed in 15% of the cases, and the multiple foramen were found to be present in 5% of the femora. The majority (72%) of nutrient foramina were identified on the posterior surface, closely followed by the medial surface (21%). Only minor percentages were observed on the lateral (5%) and anterior surfaces (2%). In all examined femoral specimens, the nutrient foramina exhibited consistent directional orientation toward the proximal end, reflecting their direction away from the distal growing end. Conclusion- A thorough understanding of the morphological patterns of diaphyseal nutrient foramina enhances anatomical precision in medical, surgical, and academic contexts. In free vascular bone grafting, the nutrient blood supply is extremely important and must be pre served to promote fracture repair, with a good blood supply being necessary for osteoblast and osteocyte cell survival, as well as facilitating graft healing in the recipient (Longia et al., 1980; Gumusburun et al., 1994)