CUR optimized formulations were printed as 3D-printed tablets using fused deposition modeling (FDM) technology with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) filaments. PVA, due to its water solubility and biocompatibility polymer, was used due to their quick disintegration character and compatibility with the gastro-intestinal fluids. Printable filaments were generated through hot-melt extrusion (HME) by blending CUR-loaded solid dispersions (SDs) with PVA in a manner to achieve homogeneous drug distribution. Important printing parameters like nozzle temperature (160–180°C) and bed temperature (60–80°C) were found to be optimized so that thermal degradation of CUR was prevented without compromising structural integrity. Curcumin-encapsulated 3D-printed porous-geometry tablets with enhanced surface area and minimized dissolution times were optimized. This was the initial use of FDM precision for dosing and geometry control of tablets, and this is one possible application for the development of personalized CUR delivery systems. Incorporation of Solid dispersion into 3D-printed PVA-based tablets bypassed CUR's poor bioavailability issue by attaining solubility enhancement with fast, site-specific delivery. This study indicates that the potential to use solid dispersion technology and 3D printing to counter the low bioavailability of weakly soluble drugs like CUR exists. Future research will aim at in vivo pharmacokinetic assessment and up-scaling of 3D-printed products for individualized therapy.